排序方式: 共有41条查询结果,搜索用时 62 毫秒
11.
The anaerobic digestion of solid organic waste 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
12.
Environmental Fluid Mechanics - Vegetation acts as a natural protection measure as it reduces inundation depth downstream of it and dissipates the energy of flow like flood and tsunami. The present... 相似文献
13.
Devendra?S.?WagareEmail authorView authors OrcID profile Prashant?D.?Netankar Mujahed?Shaikh Mazahar?Farooqui Ayesha?Durrani 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2017,15(3):475-479
The thiazole ring system is one of the most important heterocycles in nature, as it represents an important structural motif of many biological compounds, including vitamin B1 (Thiamin), carboxylase and penicillin. There is, therefore, an urgent need to design rapid, efficient and environmentally benign protocols for the synthesis of thiazoles. Herein, we have developed a one-pot protocol for the synthesis of 4-aryl-2-aminothiazoles from the reaction of aromatic ketones, NBS (N-Bromosuccinimide) and thioureas under microwave irradiation at 80–85 °C in PEG (polyethylene glycol)-400 and water as a green reaction medium. The products were obtained in 84–89% yields in 28–32 min. The method has several advantages such as use of green solvent, easy work-up, excellent yield and avoiding use of lachrymatric α-haloketones. 相似文献
14.
Khaleeq Anwar Sohail Ejaz Muhammad Ashraf Imran Altaf Aftab Ahmad Anjum 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2013,20(7):4817-4830
Vehicular air pollution is a mounting health issue of the modern age, particularly in urban populations of the developing nations. Auto-rickshaws are not considered eco-friendly as to their inefficient engines producing large amount of particulate matter (PM), thus posing significant environmental threat. The present study was conducted to ascertain the cytotoxic, phytotoxic, and mutagenic potential of PM from gasoline-powered two-stroke auto-rickshaws (TSA) and compressed natural gas-powered four-stroke auto-rickshaws (FSA). Based on the increased amount of aluminum quantified during proton-induced X-ray emission analysis of PM from TSA and FSA, different concentrations of aluminum sulfate were also tested to determine its eco-toxicological potential. The MTT assay demonstrated significant (p?<?0.001) dose-dependent cytotoxic effects of different concentrations of TSA, FSA, and aluminum sulfate on BHK-21 cell line. LC50 of TSA, FSA, and aluminum sulfate was quantified at 16, 11, and 23.8 μg/ml, respectively, establishing PM from FSA, a highly cytotoxic material. In case of phytotoxicity screening using Zea mays, the results demonstrated that all three tested materials were equally phytotoxic at higher concentrations producing significant reduction (p?<?0.001) in seed germination. Aluminum sulfate proved to be a highly phytotoxic agent even at its lowest concentration. Mutagenicity was assessed by fluctuation Salmonella reverse mutation assay adopting TA100 and TA98 mutant strains with (+S9) and without (?S9) metabolic activation. Despite the fact that different concentrations of PM from both sources, i.e., TSA and FSA were highly mutagenic (p?<?0.001) even at lower concentrations, the mutagenic index was higher in TSA. Data advocate that all tested materials are equally ecotoxic, and if the existing trend of atmospheric pollution by auto-rickshaws is continued, airborne heavy metals will seriously affect the normal growth of local inhabitants and increased contamination of agricultural products, which will amplify the dietary intake of the toxic elements and could result in genetic mutation or long-term health implications. 相似文献
15.
Various compositions of cobalt and sulfur co-doped titania nano-photocatalyst are synthesized via sol–gel method. A number of techniques including X-ray diffraction(XRD), ultraviolet–visible(UV–Vis), Rutherford backscattering spectrometry(RBS), thermal gravimetric analysis(TGA)Raman, N2 sorption, electron microscopy are used to examine composition, crystalline phase, morphology, distribution of dopants, surface area and optical properties o synthesized materials. The synthesized materials consisted of quasispherical nanoparticles of anatase phase exhibiting a high surface area and homogeneous distribution o dopants. Cobalt and sulfur co-doped titania demonstrated remarkable structural and optical properties leading to an efficient photocatalytic activity for degradation of dyes and phenol under visible light irradiations. Moreover, the effect of dye concentration catalyst dose and p H on photodegradation behavior of environmental pollutants and recyclability of the catalyst is also examined to optimize the activity of nano-photocatalys and gain a better understanding of the process. 相似文献
16.
Shahid Umar Nidhi Gauba Naser A. Anjum Tariq O. Siddiqi 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2013,20(9):6039-6049
In a hydroponic culture, experiments were performed to study the influence of potassium (K) supplementation (0, 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100 mg L?1) on the arsenic (As; 0, 8, and 10 mg L?1)-accrued changes in growth traits (plant biomass, root–shoot length) and the contents of lepidine, As and K, in garden cress (Lepidium sativum Linn.) at 10 days after treatment. The changes in these traits were correlated with shoot proline content, protein profile, and the activities of antioxidant enzymes namely superoxide dismutase (SOD, EC 1.15.1.1), catalase (CAT, EC 1.11.1.6), glutathione reductase (GR, EC 1.8.1.7), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX, EC 1.11.1.11). In general, As-alone treatments significantly decreased the growth traits but lead to significant enhancements in shoot proline and enzyme activities. K-supplementation to As-treated L. sativum seedlings decreased shoot-As content, reduced As-induced decreases in growth traits but enhanced the content of shoot proline, and the activities of the studied enzymes maximally with K100 + As8 and As10 mg L?1. Both 8 and 10 mg L?1 of As drastically downregulated the shoot proteins ranging from 43–65 kDa. With As10 mg L?1, there was a total depletion of protein bands below 23 kDa; however, K80 mg L?1 maximally recovered and upregulated the protein bands. Additionally, protein bands were downregulated (at par with As-alone treatment) above K80 mg L?1 level. Interestingly, As-stress increased lepidine content in a dose-dependent manner which was further augmented with the K-supplementation. It is suggested that K protects L. sativum against As-toxicity by decreasing its accumulation and strengthening antioxidant defense system and protein stability. 相似文献
17.
18.
Ahsan Haseeb Ayub Mahnoor Irfan Hafiz Muhammad Saleem Muhammad Anjum Irfan Haider Ihtisham Asif Awais Abbas Syed Qamar ul Hulassan Syed Shams 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2023,30(6):14580-14591
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Fluvoxamine, a selective serotonin re uptake inhibitor, is used to treat depression. The aim of present study was to evaluate fluvoxamine in acute... 相似文献
19.
M K Siddiqui M F Rahman M Mahboob F Anjum M Mustafa 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》1988,23(3):291-299
The species differences in the neurotoxic and delayed neurotoxic potential of monocrotophos (MCP) were assessed by determining the in vitro inhibition of brain Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and Neuropathic target esterase (NTE) in rat, mice, chicken and pigeon. Based on I50 values, chicken brain AChE was found to be most sensitive to inhibition by MCP followed by rat whereas mice and pigeon were almost equally sensitive to AChE inhibition by MCP. The data on NTE inhibition by MCP in all the four species indicate the non-delayed neurotoxic nature of MCP. The results show that although there are many common features of the brain AChE and NTE of the four non-target organisms studied, certain species characteristics exist in their inhibition responses to MCP. 相似文献
20.
FOZIA Andalee MUHAMMAD Anjum Zi MUHAMMAD Ashraf ZAFAR Mahmood Khalid 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2008,20(12):1475-1480
Heavy metal soil pollution takes place when the metal concentration of soil exceeds natural background level and causes ecological destruction and deterioration of the environment.In the present study,a pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of chromium-contaminated soil in sunflower(Helianthus annuus L.)growth attributes.Three different levels of chromium(Cr)i.e.,20, 40,and 60 mg/kg were applied to three varieties of sunflower(G-3,G-9,and G-59).The results of morphological,chemical,and yield p... 相似文献